Is archegonium a gametophyte or Sporophyte?

An archegonium (pl: archegonia), from the ancient Greek ἀρχή (“beginning”) and γόνος (“offspring”), is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. The corresponding male organ is called the antheridium.

Do pine trees have archegonia?

The female and male inflorescence of the pine tree develop as cones on the sporophyte. The megaspore goes through mitotic divisions and forms a small female gametophyte, in which two or three archegonia are present, each with one egg cell.

What is produced during gametophyte?

In the gametophyte phase, which is haploid (having a single set of chromosomes), male and female organs (gametangia) develop and produce eggs and sperm (gametes) through simple mitosis for sexual reproduction. …

Which gymnosperms have no archegonia?

Gnetum.

Do gametophytes produce antheridia and archegonia?

The mature gametophytes produce male and female sexual organs, the antheridia and archegonia, respectively. The gametophyte is often sexually distinct, and plants are either male or female.

What is produced in the archegonium?

archegonium, the female reproductive organ in ferns and mosses. The sperm are produced in the corresponding male reproductive organ, the antheridium.

Do conifers have gametophytes?

Gametophyte phase The gametophytes of conifers, like those of other seed plants, live out their brief, nonphotosynthetic lives almost entirely within the spore wall. All of their nutrition is derived from the parent sporophyte. The female gametophyte is never released from the tree until the seed matures.

Are pine cones gametophytes?

Gymnosperms are vascular plants that produce seeds in cones. Examples include conifers such as pine and spruce trees. Inside male cones, male spores develop into male gametophytes. Each male gametophyte consists of several cells enclosed within a grain of pollen.

Do gametophytes make pollen?

Pollen. Pollen grains (from the greek palynos for dust or pollen) contain the male gametophyte (microgametophyte) phase of the plant. Pollen grains are produced by meiosis of microspore mother cells that are located along the inner edge of the anther sacs (microsporangia).

Which hormone is produced by gametophytes?

FSH
As such, they are collectively called gonadotropins. FSH acts on the gamete-producing cells to regulate gametogenesis.

Which plant has archegonia but lacks seed formation?

Bryophytes and pteridophytes do not produce seeds but have archegonia. Further reading: Green Algae.

What cell is produced in the archegonium?

At maturity, archegonia each contain one egg, and antheridia produce many sperm cells. Because the egg is retained and fertilized within the archegonium, the early stages of the developing sporophyte are protected and nourished by the gametophytic tissue.

How does the archegonium help bryophytes to reproduce?

Bryophytes exhibit a variety of mechanisms to reproduce sexually as well as to propagate vegetatively. The archegonium represents one of the key evolutionary innovations for sexual reproduction in land plants. This structure expressed on female plants provides protection and nourishment for the egg and developing embryo.

Is the gametophyte on the side of the plant?

The plants most people readily recognize as ferns actually are the sporophytes; the gametophyte may be completely overlooked as green fuzz growing on the side of the pot. The sporophyte produces spores in special structures known as sporangia.

What’s the difference between an archegonia and an antheridia?

The key difference between antheridia and archegonia is that antheridia are male sex reproductive structures whereas archegonia are female sex reproductive structures. What are Antheridia? Antheridia are the male reproductive parts of the algae, ferns, mosses, fungi and other non-flowering plants.

Where are antheridia located in the gametophyte?

Antheridia form on the lower side of the gametophyte, near the growing apical notch, whereas archegonia arise on the same side of the gametophyte, but in more distal regions. Some cells within the antheridia differentiate into motile, flagellated sperm, whereas a single cell develops into an egg within the archegonium.