What is cephalic arch?

What is cephalic arch?

In the radiology literature, it is defined as the central perpendicular portion of the cephalic vein as it traverses the deltopectoral groove and joins the axillary vein. The possible etiologies of cephalic arch stenosis are numerous.

Is the cephalic arch central or peripheral?

Coding: 36903, 36907. Because the cephalic arch lesion and the arterial anastomosis lesion are both in the peripheral dialysis segment, a single code is used to report those two interventions, selecting 36903 for the highest-intensity service (stent) performed in this segment.

What is a brachiocephalic fistula?

The brachiocephalic fistula (Fig. 4) is an up- per arm fistula created by connecting the side of a brachial artery to the end of a cephalic vein at or slightly central to the level of the elbow.

Where is the cephalic vein?

The cephalic vein, along with the basilic vein, is one of the primary superficial veins that drain the upper limb 1. It courses through both the forearm and arm and terminates by draining into the axillary vein.

What is cephalic vein transposition?

The option for cephalic vein transposition (CVT), described by Chen et al., involves surgical revision to redirect the blood flow to the adjacent patient veins.

Where is the cephalic artery?

arm
The cephalic vein is a superficial vein of the upper limb and it’s one of the two main veins of the arm. Its name derives from ‘cephalic’ meaning head, as the vein runs up to the shoulder….Cephalic vein.

What is the CPT code for angioplasty?

The first vessel treated with angioplasty is reported with the base code (37246 for artery, 37248 for vein), and each additional vessel treated with angioplasty is reported with an add-on code (37247 for each additional artery, 37249 for each additional vein).

How long does fistula last?

An A-V fistula usually takes 3 to 4 months to heal before it can be used for hemodialysis. The fistula can be used for many years. A graft (also called an arteriovenous graft or A-V graft) is made by joining an artery and vein in your arm with a plastic tube.

What is the difference between graft and fistula?

The fistula resists clotting and infection. An AV graft (sometimes called a bridge graft) is an indirect connection between the artery and vein, most commonly a plastic tube is used, but donated cadaver arteries or veins can also be used.

Is cephalic vein a DVT?

DVT-UE must be distinguished from thrombosis of the superficial veins, i.e., the cephalic and basilic veins (1). Idiopathic DVT-UE and cases due to anatomical variants are known as primary DVT-UE.

Is cephalic considered a deep vein?

Anatomical terminology In human anatomy, the cephalic vein is a superficial vein in the arm. It communicates with the basilic vein via the median cubital vein at the elbow and is located in the superficial fascia along the anterolateral surface of the biceps.

What is basilic vein transposition?

CONVENTIONAL BASILIC VEIN TRANSPOSITION (BVT) After dissecting the basilic vein up to axillary vein, it is cut in the cubital fossa and transposed into the subcutaneous tissue by multiple small incisions. End to side basilic vein brachial artery anastmosis is done.

Which is better angioplasty or stent for cephalic arch stenosis?

Angioplasty is associated with a faster rate of recurrence of cephalic arch stenosis. The placement of intravascular stent seems to prolong the patency compared to angioplasty alone. Clinical trials with a larger sample size will better elucidate the value and timing of angioplasty versus stent placement in cephalic arch stenosis.

Are there any valves in the cephalic arch?

The cephalic vein has valves throughout its route, but valves are most common in the final portion of the cephalic vein (cephalic arch). There are at least twice as many valves in this region of the cephalic vein compared with any similar portion of the cephalic vein.

Where does the cephalic arch end in the body?

It passes beneath the clavicle and turns sharply to pierce the clavipectoral fascia. It then terminates in the axillary vein. Cephalic arch is the term given to the final arch of the cephalic vein before it joins the axillary vein to form the subclavian vein.

What is the origin of venous stenosis in the cephalic arch?

Little is known as to the origin and progression of venous stenosis in cephalic arch region.