What is graph coloring in algorithm?

Graph coloring is the procedure of assignment of colors to each vertex of a graph G such that no adjacent vertices get same color. The objective is to minimize the number of colors while coloring a graph. The smallest number of colors required to color a graph G is called its chromatic number of that graph.

What is graph coloring used for?

Graph coloring problem is to assign colors to certain elements of a graph subject to certain constraints. Vertex coloring is the most common graph coloring problem.

What is graph coloring problem how can you solve it?

The graph coloring problem can be defined as to assign the color to every vertex of the graph by keeping the constraints that no two adjacent vertex have same color and in this process of assigning the color total number of used colors should be minimum.

What is edge coloring in graph theory?

In graph theory, edge coloring of a graph is an assignment of “colors” to the edges of the graph so that no two adjacent edges have the same color with an optimal number of colors. Two edges are said to be adjacent if they are connected to the same vertex.

What is vertex coloring of a graph?

A vertex coloring is an assignment of labels or colors to each vertex of a graph such that no edge connects two identically colored vertices. The most common type of vertex coloring seeks to minimize the number of colors for a given graph.

What do you mean by the vertex coloring of a graph?

What is graph Colouring problem and how it can be solved with the help of backtracking?

The graph coloring problem is to discover whether the nodes of the graph G can be covered in such a way, that no two adjacent nodes have the same color yet only m colors are used. This graph coloring problem is also known as M-colorability decision problem.

What is coloring in graph theory?

In graph theory, graph coloring is a special case of graph labeling; it is an assignment of labels traditionally called “colors” to elements of a graph subject to certain constraints. By planar duality it became coloring the vertices, and in this form it generalizes to all graphs.

Is there an efficient algorithm for coloring a graph?

Unfortunately, there is no efficient algorithm available for coloring a graph with minimum number of colors as the problem is a known NP Complete problem. There are approximate algorithms to solve the problem though. Following is the basic Greedy Algorithm to assign colors.

How does coloring work in a graph G?

A coloring is given to a vertex or a particular region. Thus, the vertices or regions having same colors form independent sets. Vertex coloring is an assignment of colors to the vertices of a graph ‘G’ such that no two adjacent vertices have the same color.

What does it mean to color the edge of a graph?

Vertex coloring is an assignment of colors to the vertices of a graph ‘G’ such that no two adjacent vertices have the same color. Simply put, no two vertices of an edge should be of the same color.

What is the minimum number of colors needed to color a graph?

Chromatic Number. The minimum number of colors required for vertex coloring of graph ‘G’ is called as the chromatic number of G, denoted by X(G). χ(G) = 1 if and only if ’G’ is a null graph.