What is renal classification?

The stages of CKD are classified as follows : Stage 1: Kidney damage with normal or increased GFR (>90 mL/min/1.73 m 2) Stage 2: Mild reduction in GFR (60-89 mL/min/1.73 m 2) Stage 3a: Moderate reduction in GFR (45-59 mL/min/1.73 m 2) Stage 3b: Moderate reduction in GFR (30-44 mL/min/1.73 m 2)

What is cardio renal syndrome?

Cardiorenal syndrome can generally be defined as a pathophysiological disorder of the heart and kidneys, in which acute or chronic dysfunction of one organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction to the other.

What are the main types of renal diseases?

What are the types and causes of kidney disease?

Chronic kidney disease. The most common form of kidney disease is chronic kidney disease.
Kidney stones. Kidney stones are another common kidney problem.
Glomerulonephritis.
Polycystic kidney disease.
Urinary tract infections.

How is CKD classified?

CKD is classified based on the eGFR and the level of proteinuria and helps to risk stratify patients. A person with an eGFR of 25 ml/min/1.73 m2 and an ACR of 15 mg/mmol has CKD G4A2. A person with an eGFR of 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 and an ACR of 35 mg/mmol has CKD G3aA3.

What causes cardiorenal syndrome?

Risk factors that may lead to cardiorenal syndrome include old age, dehydration, congestive heart failure and heart attacks. Others are chronic kidney disease and conditions such as anemia, diabetes, and hypertension.

What are the stages of cardiorenal syndrome?

Acute CRS-5 develops into four following steps and it can be hyper-acute (0–72 h after diagnosis), acute (3–7 days), sub-acute (7–30 days) and chronic (over 30 days) (Table 2).

What is primary renal disease?

Primary renal disease (PRD) was defined as an abnormal urinalysis (proteinuria, hematuria, or casts) in the absence of urinary infection, or decreased renal function (elevated serum creatinine level greater than 1.5 mg/dl and/or decreased creatinine clearance).

What are the different types of cardio-renal syndrome?

Types of cardio-renal syndromes. Type I Acute heart failure (HF) results in acute kidney injury (AKI) (previously called acute renal failure) Type II Chronic cardiac dysfunction (e.g. chronic HF) causes progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) (previously called chronic renal failure).

How many subtypes of cardiorenal syndrome are there?

To include the vast array of interrelated derangements and to stress the bidirectional nature of heart-kidney interactions, a new classification of the cardiorenal syndrome with 5 subtypes that reflect the pathophysiology, the time frame, and the nature of concomitant cardiac and renal dysfunction was proposed.

How does cardiorenal syndrome affect heart and kidneys?

Cardiorenal syndrome encompasses a spectrum of disorders involving both the heart and kidneys in which acute or chronic dysfunction in 1 organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction in the other organ. It represents the confluence of heart-kidney interactions across several interfaces.

What is the definition of chronic secondary cardiorenal syndrome?

CRS, defined as a pathophysiological process of adverse interaction between the heart and kidneys, encompasses a spectrum of diseases involving acute or chronic dysfunction in one organ that induces decompensated dysfunction in the other, and eventually they evolve into an interrelated and vicious cycle of declining function in both organs.