What is the working principle of cooling tower?
What is the working principle of cooling tower?
Cooling tower systems work by using water to extract waste heat from a system and ejecting it into the atmosphere primarily through evaporation. The three key components of a cooling system are the cooling tower, recirculating pump, and heat exchanger. Water first passes through a heat exchanger where it absorbs heat.
What is cooling tower Slideshare?
A cooling tower is an equipment used to reduce the temperature of a water stream by extracting heat from water and emitting it to the atmosphere. Cooling towers make use of evaporation whereby some of the water is evaporated into a moving air stream and subsequently discharged into the atmosphere.
Which cooling tower has high velocity of air at entry?
Mechanical draft cooling towers can be further classified as forced or induced draft. Forced Draft. As the name suggests, this type of cooling tower uses fans or blowers to force air into the cooling tower. Air flow has high entrance velocity as it is being forced by the blower.
What is approach and range in cooling tower?
i) “Range” is the difference between the cooling tower water inlet and outlet temperature. ii) “Approach” is the difference between the cooling tower outlet cold water temperature and ambient wet bulb temperature.
Which working fluid is used in cooling tower?
wet cooling towers or evaporative cooling towers operate on the principle of evaporative cooling. The working coolant (usually water) is the evaporated fluid, and is exposed to the elements.
How the cooling tower is used on an air conditioning system?
Cooling towers use evaporation to release waste heat from an HVAC system. In an open tower, hot water from the condenser is slowed down and spread out over the fill. Some of the hot water is evaporated in the fill area, or over the closed-circuit tubes, which cools the water.
What is cooling tower and its types?
There are three main types of cooling towers that are defined by how water or air pass through them. These types include crossflow, counterflow, and hyperbolic. There are also two varieties classified solely on airflow, known as induced draft and passive draft cooling towers.
What is cooling tower in thermal power plant?
A cooling tower is a heat rejection device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a coolant stream, usually a water stream to a lower temperature.
Which type of cooling tower is more efficient?
Counterflow (induced draft) systems are considered the most efficient of the two. Crossflow (forced draft) towers distribute hot water perpendicularly to the air flow, while counterflow towers distribute hot water directly into the air flow.
What is COC cooling tower?
COC or the Cycles Of Concentration is an abbreviation, used when talking about cooling water or cooling tower water. The COC specifies, how often a fresh water added into the loop, can be used or pumped around, before the water has to blown down or bleed off from the cooling tower.
What is meant by approach in cooling tower?
Cooling tower approach is the difference in temperature of the water entering the basin (cold) and the wet bulb temperature. For the purpose of tower design, a tower with a smaller approach (small delta between basin water temperature and wet bulb temperature) is considered superior.
What is approach temperature in cooling tower?
Approach is the temperature of the water leaving the cooling tower (in this case, 85°F nominal) minus the ambient web bulb temperature (78°F wet bulb) or 7°F. This value represents how close the cooling tower gets the water to the wet bulb temperature of the surrounding air.
How does the air in a cooling tower work?
The air is being pulled by an motor-driven electric “cooling tower fan”. When the air and water come together, a small volume of water evaporates, creating an action of cooling. The colder water gets pumped back to the process/equipment that absorbs heat or the condenser.
How is water distributed in a cooling tower?
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION A cooling tower cools water by a combination of heat and mass transfer. Water to be cooled is distributed in the tower by spray noz- zles, splash bars, or film-type fill, which exposes a very large water surface area to atmospheric air.
How is the thermal capability of a cooling tower defined?
The thermal capability of any cooling tower may be defined by the following parameters: Entering and leaving water temperatures Entering air wet-bulb or entering air- wet-bulb and dry-bulb temperatures Water flow rate The entering air dry-bulb temperature affects the amount of water evaporated from any evaporative cooling tower.
What is the water / air ratio in a cooling tower?
• Water/Air Ratio (mw/ma) is the mass ratio of water (Liquid) flowing through the tower to the air (Gas) flow. • Each tower will have a design water/air ratio. • An increase in this ratio will result in an increase of the approach, that is, warmer water will be leaving the tower.