What does epoxide hydrolase do?
What does epoxide hydrolase do?
Epoxide hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of epoxides to trans-dihydrodiols, thus preventing or reducing their reaction with cellular macromolecules such as protein or DNA. Three forms of epoxide hydrolases have been identified in the liver, two membrane-bound forms and one in the cytosolic fraction.
What is the function of epoxide?
Epoxide hydrolases (EH’s), also known as epoxide hydratases, are enzymes that metabolize compounds that contain an epoxide residue; they convert this residue to two hydroxyl residues through an epoxide hydrolyis reaction to form diol products. Several enzymes possess EH activity.
Where is epoxide hydrolase found?
the endoplasmic reticulum
The microsomal epoxide hydrolases (mEH) are predominantly found in the endoplasmic reticulum. They catalyze the hydration of both alkene and arene oxides, including oxides of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and do so with regio- and stereoselectivity.
What is an epoxide metabolite?
Epoxides are organic three-membered cyclic oxygen compounds that derive from oxidative metabolism of endogenous metabolites (e.g., intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis), as well as xenobiotic compounds (e.g., metabolite of benzpyrene), via chemical and enzymatic oxidation processes.
What is a monooxygenase reaction?
Monooxygenases are enzymes that incorporate one hydroxyl group into substrates in many metabolic pathways. In this reaction, the two atoms of dioxygen are reduced to one hydroxyl group and one H2O molecule by the concomitant oxidation of NAD(P)H.
Are epoxides ethers?
epoxide, cyclic ether with a three-membered ring. The basic structure of an epoxide contains an oxygen atom attached to two adjacent carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon. The strain of the three-membered ring makes an epoxide much more reactive than a typical acyclic ether.
What is an epoxide group?
epoxide, cyclic ether with a three-membered ring. The basic structure of an epoxide contains an oxygen atom attached to two adjacent carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon. Epoxides are easily opened, under acidic or basic conditions, to give a variety of products with useful functional groups.
What does epoxide do to the DNA?
Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide adducts in DNA are potent suppressors of a normal topoisomerase I cleavage site and powerful inducers of other topoisomerase I cleavages.
What is the difference between monooxygenase and dioxygenase?
– In monooxygenase reactions one oxygen atom is transferred to the substrate. The other atom goes to water. – In dioxygenase reactions, both oxygen atoms are transferred to the target molecule.
Why cytochrome P450 is called Monooxygenase?
Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that functions as monooxygenases. The term “P450” is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide.
What is the difference between ether and epoxide?
is that ether is (organic compound|countable) a compound containing an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups while epoxide is (organic chemistry) any of a class of organic compound, cyclic ethers, having a three-membered ring; they are prepared by the selective oxidation of alkenes or by ring-closure of …
What is ether and epoxide?
An epoxide is a cyclic ether with a three-atom ring. This ring approximates an equilateral triangle, which makes it strained, and hence highly reactive, more so than other ethers. They are produced on a large scale for many applications.