How do you read a GHQ-12 score?

The GHQ-12 consists of 12 items, each of which is evaluated by four indexes. The two most commonly used scoring types are the bi-modal (0-0-1-1) and Likert scoring methods (0-1-2-3) [4]. The GHQ-12 has satisfactory reliability [5–7] and good sensitivity and specificity [8, 9].

What is the 12-item General Health Questionnaire?

The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is a commonly used screening instrument for measuring mental disorders. However, few studies have measured the mental health of Chinese professionals or explored the factor structure of the GHQ-12 through investigations of young Chinese civil servants.

Does the 12-item General Health Questionnaire contain multiple factors and do we need them?

Background: The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is widely used as a unidimensional instrument, but factor analyses tended to suggest that it contains two or three factors. Their values varied in a similar fashion in relation to clinical and health-related quality of life variables.

How do you read a 28 GHQ?

Higher GHQ-28 scores indicate higher levels of distress. Goldberg suggests that participants with total scores of 23 or below should be classified as non-psychiatric, while participants with scores > 24 may be classified as psychiatric, but this score is not an absolute cut-off.

How do you score the MHI 5?

The MHI-5 comprises five questions. There are six possible responses to the questions, scored between 1 and 6. The score for each individual therefore ranges between 5 and 30. This is then transformed into a variable ranging from 0–100 using a standard linear transformation [5].

Can the 12 item General Health Questionnaire be used to measure positive mental health?

Conclusions: The GHQ-12 measures both positive and negative aspects of mental health, and although correlated, these dimensions have some independence. The GHQ-12 could be used to measure positive mental health in population-based research.

What is the general help seeking questionnaire?

The General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ) was developed to formally assess two aspects of help-seeking: (1) current intentions to seek help from different sources for different problems; and (2) quantity and quality of previous professional psychological helping episodes.

What is the use of GHQ?

The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) is a self-administered screening tool designed to detect current state mental disturbances and disorders in primary care setting [10]. The GHQ has been translated into 38 languages since its development, indicating its face validity across cultures [11].

What is the use of general health questionnaire?

The General Health Questionnaire – 28 (GHQ-28) is self-report screening. measure used to detect possible psychological disorder. The GHQ-28 identifies two main concerns: (1) the inability to carry out normal functions; and (2) the appearance of new and distressing phenomena (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979).

How many subscales do GHQ contain?

The 28-item version (GHQ-28) was developed in the 1970’s from a factor analysis of the GHQ-60 to distinguish four correlated underlying concepts as factors, each comprised of seven items related to the presence of somatic symptoms (subscale A, items 1–7), anxiety and insomnia (B, 8–14), social dysfunction (C, 15–21) …

What is GHQ-28 used for?

The GHQ-28 is a self-administered instrument widely used as the screening tool for mental disorders in the community (13). It is divided into four subscales, including somatic symptoms, anxiety and sleep disorder, social dysfunction, and depression (14) .

What are the scoring methods for the ghq-12?

Each item is rated on a four-point scale (less than usual, no more than usual, rather more than usual, or much more than usual); and for example when using the GHQ-12 it gives a total score of 36 or 12 based on the selected scoring methods. The most common scoring methods are bi-modal (0-0-1-1) and Likert scoring styles (0-1-2-3).

What was the average GHQ score for college students?

The mean age of respondents was 21.1 (SD = 2.1) years and most were female (76%), single (84%) and college/university students (50%). Employing the bi-modal method of scoring (ranging from 0 to 12) the mean GHQ score was found to be 3.7 (SD = 3.5). Forty-four percent scored above the mean GHQ score for the whole population of the respondents.

What’s the average ghq-12 score for primary care physicians?

Their median age was 46 (range 18–82 years); 67% were women. The median GHQ-12 score for our primary care sample was 2, with an interquartile range of 4.

How is the ghq-12 related to quality of life?

Validity was performed using convergent validity to demonstrate the extent to which the GHQ-12 correlates with global quality of life. It was expected that the GHQ-12 would correlate negatively with global quality of life.