Can GVHD happen with autologous stem cell transplant?

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the most common indication for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in North America. Despite occurring in up to 50% of patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT, the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after autologous HSCT is reportedly only 5-20%.

Can GVHD occur with autologous transplant?

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a common and serious complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. However, it is rarely seen in recipients of autologous cells, and would likely have a very different etiology as no alloantigens are introduced to the hosts.

Is GVHD an autoimmune disease?

Many of the clinical, histological and serological manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) resemble autoimmune disease (AD), and although the differences are significant, they may be more semantic than biological.

What is hyperacute GVHD?

Abstract. Background: Hyperacute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is defined as GVHD occurring within 14 days after haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of skin biopsy in assessing hyperacute GVHD.

What type of disease is GvHD?

Graft versus host disease (GvHD) is a condition that might occur after an allogeneic transplant. In GvHD, the donated bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells view the recipient’s body as foreign, and the donated cells/bone marrow attack the body. There are two forms of GvHD: Acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD).

Are on immunosuppressive therapy for graft versus host disease?

Moderate to severe chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is treated with potent immunosuppressive therapy (IST) to modulate the allo-immune response, control symptoms, and prevent further organ damage.

What type of hypersensitivity is graft vs host disease?

It is thought that the pathogenesis of GVHD is essentially due to a Type IV Hypersensitivity reaction mounted by donor T-cells against host tissues.

What is GVHD caused by?

GVHD may occur after a bone marrow, or stem cell, transplant in which someone receives bone marrow tissue or cells from a donor. This type of transplant is called allogeneic. The new, transplanted cells regard the recipient’s body as foreign. When this happens, the cells attack the recipient’s body.

Do you need immunosuppression after bone marrow transplant?

If your bone marrow transplant is using stem cells from a donor (allogeneic transplant), your doctors may prescribe medications to help prevent graft-versus-host disease and reduce your immune system’s reaction (immunosuppressive medications). After your transplant, it takes time for your immune system to recover.

Which of the following is an immunosuppressive drug used to control host versus graft rejections of transplanted organs?

Mycophenolic acid morpholinoethylester (RS-61443) is a new immunosuppressant that prevents and halts heart allograft rejection by selective inhibition of T- and B-cell purine synthesis. Transplant Proc 1990; 22:1659.

What is an example of type 2 hypersensitivity?

Examples of type II HS include some forms of anemia, blood transfusion reactions, certain platelet disorders, and some types of tissue transplant rejection.

What is an example of type 3 hypersensitivity?

Examples of type III hypersensitivity reactions include drug-induced serum sickness, farmer’s lung and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Is there such a thing as autologous GVHD?

GVHD that occurs after allo-SCT is attributable to the recognition of donor T cells or natural killer cells by recipient alloantigens. However, a similar syndrome has been reported in autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), without induction of an alloresponse, as a form of ‘auto-aggression’ syndrome or autologous GVHD (auto-GVHD) (1).

Which is the target organ of GvHD in ASCT?

The target organs of GVHD in ASCT are the skin, liver and gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which are consistent with those in allo-SCT. Histologic findings from the skin and the mucosa of the GI tract also show similar features. Here we describe a case of autologous GVHD involving the skin of a patient who underwent ASCT for multiple myeloma.

What is graft versus host disease ( GVHD )?

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). GVHD that occurs after allo-SCT is attributable to the recognition of donor T cells or natural killer cells by recipient alloantigens.

Is there genetic disparity in auto-GVHD?

Although there is no genetic disparity in GVHD development among patients undergoing ASCT, auto-GVHD has been reported to arise either spontaneously (2-5) or in patients receiving immunologic modulation (6,7). Auto-GVHD is generally self-limited and often requires no treatment (8-10).