What does Pericentromeric mean?
What does Pericentromeric mean?
Adjective. pericentromeric (comparative more pericentromeric, superlative most pericentromeric) (genetics) Situated near, or on each side of, the centromere of a chromosome.
What is Pericentromeric heterochromatin?
Pericentromeric DNA represents a large fraction of the mammalian genome that is usually assembled into heterochromatin. While most DNA transactions are facilitated within euchromatin, which embodies permissive structures, heterochromatin designates specialized structures in which such trans- actions are inhibited.
What is Acrocentric centromere?
: having the centromere situated so that one chromosomal arm is much shorter than the other.
Do centromeres have genes?
Centromeres typically are in silent or gene-free chromosome regions but may include genes [[5], [6], [7]], and are commonly transcribed at low levels to form non-coding RNAs that interact with kinetochores and appear to assist in cenH3 loading (reviewed in Refs.
What are Subtelomeric regions?
Subtelomeres are segments of DNA between telomeric caps and chromatin. Subtelomeres are considered to be the most distal (farthest from the centromere) region of unique DNA on a chromosome, and they are unusually dynamic and variable mosaics of multichromosomal blocks of sequence.
What is facultative heterochromatin?
Facultative heterochromatin is a cytological manifestation of epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression. Constitutive heterochromatin is marked by distinctive histone H3 methylation and the presence of HP1 proteins, but the chromatin modifications of facultative heterochromatin are less clear.
What is a SNP What is a haplotype?
A haplotype is a group of genes within an organism that was inherited together from a single parent. In addition, the term “haplotype” can also refer to the inheritance of a cluster of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are variations at single positions in the DNA sequence among individuals.
What are the three centromere positions?
The position of the centromere relative to the ends helps scientists tell chromosomes apart. Centromere position can be described three ways: metacentric, submetacentric or acrocentric. In metacentric (met-uh-CEN-trick) chromosomes, the centromere lies near the center of the chromosome.
What is the main function of centromere?
The primary function of the centromere is to provide the foundation for assembly of the kinetochore, which is a protein complex essential to proper chromosomal segregation during mitosis.
What’s the difference between kinetochore and centromere?
The key difference between centromere and kinetochore is that centromere is the region of the chromosome that holds two sister chromatids together after the replication of chromosome while kinetochore is the disc-shaped protein complex of the chromosome that allows spindle fibers to attach during the cell division.
Where does the word pericentromeric come from?
Situated or occurring close to, or on either side of, the centromere of a chromosome; pericentric. 1970s; earliest use found in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
Where is pericentromeric located on a chromosome?
pericentromeric (comparative more pericentromeric, superlative most pericentromeric) (genetics) Situated near, or on each side of, the centromere of a chromosome.
How are centromeric and pericentromeric regions related to each other?
A larger pericentromeric region containing repetitive sequences and transposable elements surrounds the centromere that adopts a particular chromatin state characterized by specific histone variants and post-translational modifications and forms a transcriptionally repressive chromosomal environment.