How is CBAVD diagnosed?

The diagnosis of CBAVD was confirmed by unilateral (n 4) or bilateral (n 25) surgical exploration and/or ultrasound evaluation (n 32, including the four patients who had unilateral surgery) of the vasa deferentia.

What causes CBAVD?

When this condition is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene , it is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. This pattern of inheritance means that both copies of the gene in each cell have a mutation. Parents of a person with CBAVD each carry one CFTR mutation, but are usually unaffected ( carriers ).

How common is CBAVD?

Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) is a rare obstructive anomaly that contributes to male factor infertility. The prevalence of CBAVD in the general population is approximately 1 in 1000, which accounts for most infertile males with cystic fibrosis and 1–2% of all infertile males.

How does cystic fibrosis cause CBAVD?

Conclusions. Most patients with CBAVD have mutations in the CFTR gene. The combination of the 5T allele in one copy of the CFTR genewith a cystic fibrosis mutation in the other copy is the most common cause of CBAVD.

How is congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens diagnosed?

Diagnosis. Scrotal ultrasonography and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) are useful in detecting uni- or bilateral CAVD, which may be associated with visible abnormalities or agenesis of the epididymis, seminal vesicles or kidneys.

What is the treatment of vas deferens?

The vas deferens can be surgically reconnected in a procedure called vasectomy reversal. If you don’t want to have vasectomy reversal, sperm can be taken from the testicle or the epididymis and used for in vitro fertilization.

Can vas deferens be repaired?

Obstruction of the vas deferens due to vasectomy can almost always be corrected by conventional scrotal ipsilateral microsurgical vasovasostomy or vasoepididymostomy.

Can you get pregnant without vas deferens?

Conventional IVF with aspirated epididymal spermatozoa yielded a pregnancy rate of only 9% and a delivery rate of only 4.5%, whereas ICSI with aspirated epididymal spermatozoa in men with congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD) yielded a pregnancy rate of 47% and a delivery rate of 33%.

What happens if there is no vas deferens?

Therefore, those who are missing both vas deferens are typically able to create sperm but are unable to transport them appropriately. Their semen does not contain sperm, a condition known as azoospermia.

How does CF cause azoospermia?

In 97–98% of men with CF, a bilateral congenital absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) blocks the transport of spermatozoa from testicular or epididymal structures to the outer genital tract, resulting in azoospermia.

How does CF cause infertility?

Most men with CF (97-98 percent) are infertile because of an absence of the sperm canal, known as congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). The sperm never make it into the semen, making it impossible for them to reach and fertilize an egg through intercourse.

What are the criteria for diagnosis of CBAVD?

Diagnosis of CBAVD is generally based on these criteria: presence of normal to slightly small sized testicles, non-palpable vas deferens]

When is CBAVD the only manifestation of cystic fibrosis?

When CBAVD is the only manifestation in a patient who harbors at least one mutation in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, this condition is known as the genital form of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) (Anguiano et al., 1992; Chillón et al., 1995) and can be named CF-CBAVD.

Can a man with cystic fibrosis have CBAVD?

Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) is found in 1% to 2% of males with infertility and is present in 6% of obstructive azoospermia cases. Nearly 95% of men with cystic fibrosis (CF, an autosomal recessive disorder) have CBAVD. There are genetic links between CBAVD and CF.

What are the symptoms of congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens?

The signs and symptoms of Congenital Bilateral Absence of Vas Deferens may be associated with cystic fibrosis or be independent of the genetic disorder. The common signs and symptoms of CBAVD may include: In individuals with cystic fibrosis: Infertility. Signs and symptoms of the respiratory system.